Pdf detection of helminth ova and larvae in trichromestained. Enterobius vermicularis as a novel surrogate for the presence of. The causative nematode is enterobius vermicularis, formerly known as oxyuris vermicularis, or commonly as the pinworm or threadworm. Enterobius vermicularis infection is a prevalent intestinal parasitic disease in children. Pinworm enterobius vermicularis infection among primary. Republic of the marshall islands rmi, the status of pinworm infections among children remains unknown. Pdf enterobius vermicularis, also called pinworm, is one of the most common nematode infections in the world. This study was conducted to test for any such associations in norwegian children. The nematode roundworm enterobius vermicularis is widely known as the. On detailed history and exam, she was found to have e.
Enterobius vermicularis pinworm statpearls ncbi bookshelf. Evaluation of lactophenol cotton blue stain for detection of eggs of enterobius vermicularis in perianal surface samples. It is usually considered an innocuous parasite that at the most causes perianal itching. Enterobius pinworm is a topic covered in the johns hopkins abx guide. The diagnosis and treatment of pinworm infection 29. The association of this parasitic infestation with acute appendicitis varies from 0. The table below lists firstchoice and alternative drugs for most parasitic infections. Since, there is no comprehensive analysis to estimate the prevalence of e. A study that aimed to determine the extent of enterobiasis, strongyloidiasis, and other helminth infections in infants, preschoolaged, and schoolaged children from rural coastal tanzania reported that enterobius vermicularis infections were found in 4. Reinfection with e vermicularis immediately after the completion of drug therapy is common.
Prevalence and associated factors of enterobius vermicularis infection. Pdf enterobius vermicularis infection researchgate. Risk factors for enterobius vermicularis infection in. Pdf prevalence of helminth ova in soil samples from public places. In this study, we explored the epidemiological status and risk factors for e. Pinworms are most often found in preschool and schoolaged children and their parents. Here the author describes a case of an asymptomatic patient with enterobius infection as an. Enterobiasis nord national organization for rare disorders. Pinworm infection is the most common worm infection in the united states. It is a nematode and a common intestinal parasite or helminth, especially in humans. Pinworm infection is caused by a small, thin, white roundworm called enterobius vermicularis. Pinworm, anal worm, and seat worm are common names given this strictly human cosmopolitan parasite. In the republic of the marshall islands rmi, the status of pinworm infections among children remains unknown. Introduction enterobius vermicularis, the pinworm of man, is probably the most.
Infection occurs via selfinoculation transferring eggs to the mouth with hands that have scratched the perianal area or through exposure to eggs in the environment e. Pdf intraperitonealenterobius vermicularis infection. Enterobius vermicularis and allergic conditions in. Parents were asked to answer questionnaires concerning their childrens history of allergies, wheezing or eczema and pinworm infections. Eggs of enterobius vermicularis human pinworm were found in hum coprolites from hopug and danger caves, western utah. It is commonly found in schoolaged children, though it is seen in adults as well. The present study aimed at the evaluation of enterobius vermicularis as a causative parasitic agent either directly or indirectly among children underwent surgical conditions. This represents the earliest known association between man abd this exclusively human parasite. The intestinal nematode roundworm enterobius vermicularis. W chemotherapeutic studies of natural pinworm infections in mice, exper. The pinworm, also known as threadworm or seatworm, is a parasitic worm. The infection caused by pinworms is called enterobiasis, but sometimes referred to as oxyuriasis. Pinworm infection is most commonly caused by the species enterobius vermicularis, the threadworm.
Other species seen in primates include enterobius buckleyi in orangutan and enterobius anthropopitheci in ch. Animalia nematoda secernetea rhabditida oxyuridae enterobius vermicularis. Pinworm infection is treatable with overthecounter or prescription medication, but reinfection, which occurs easily, should be prevented. The table that begins on page e28 summarizes the known prenatal risks of antiparasitic drugs. These small worms are found in the human intestine and crawl out of the rectum at night to lay eggs on the anal area. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm is one of the most common human parasitic helminths, and children are the most susceptible group. The most common symptom is itching in the anal area. Pinworms are nematodes in the family oxyuridae, genus enterobius. While an infected person sleeps, female pinworms leave the intestines through the anus and deposit eggs on the. Other species seen in primates include enterobius buckleyi in orangutan and enterobius.
It is, however, enough of a pathogen to cause irritating symptoms in a great number of those persons infected. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm infection list of authors. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 914k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Pinworm fact sheet pinworms are the most common worm infection in the united states pinworms enterobius vermicularis are small, white worms about the length of a staple that live in the rectum of humans. To view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription official website of the johns hopkins antibiotic abx, hiv, diabetes, and psychiatry guides, powered by unbound medicine. Pinworm infection is treatable with overthecounter or prescription medication, but reinfection, which occurs. Pinworm infection is the most common type of intestinal worm infection in the united states and one of the most common worldwide. Enterobius vermicularis an overview sciencedirect topics. Pinworms are about the length of a staple and live in the rectum of humans. Enterobius vermicularis infection bmc infectious diseases. Enterobius vermicularis is a parasite that lives exclusively in human beings and has been associated with surgical pathologies and infections such as colitis, perianal abscesses, intraabdominal granulomas, pelvic. The period of time from swallowing eggs to the appearance of new eggs around the anus is 4 to 8 weeks.
Pinworm eggs are spread directly from person to person and infect the intestines. E nterobius vermicularis infection is one of the most common parasitic infections in the gastrointestinal tract with an incidence of 4%28% in the pediatric population. Symptomatic infection with pinworm enterobius vermicularis, a human pathogen, is clinically relevant in germany, with an estimated prevalence in childhood of 220%. The principal adverse effects of these druugs are listed on pages e2427. Pinworm has the broadest geographic range of any helminth, and is the most prevalent helminth infection in the usa and western europe. Gastrointestinal infection due to enterobius vermicularis occurs worldwide and is considered to be the most common helminth infection.
Samkari a, kiska dl, riddell sw, wilson k, weiner lb, domachowske jb. Enterobius vermicularis infection in schoolchildren. Infection follows ingestion of the egg on contaminated food or fomites. Pinworms are thin and white, measuring about 14 to 12 inch about 6 to millimeters in length. Enterobius vermicularis pinworm is one of the most common human parasitic helminths, and children are the most. Introduction enterobius vermicularis, the pinworm of man, is probably the most cosmopolitan of all the helminthic parasites.
Some behavioral and environmental factors may facilitate pinworm infection. Patients, materials and methods this study was carried out from june 2014. Frontiers helminth immunomodulation in autoimmune disease. The disease is acquired by ingestion of fully embryonated ova deposited by the female worm about the anus and transferred to other hosts by fecal contamination or to the same host to produce reinfection. Pinworm infection, also known as enterobiasis, is a human parasitic disease caused by the pinworm. Pinworm infection of the appendix stock image c0227218. Now, lets look at the life cycle of a pinworm to understand them better. We describe a case of an adolescent girl with pelvic inflammatory disease caused by enterobius vermicularis and discuss the diagnosis, management, and implications of this infection. Studies investigating the association between enterobius vermicularis and allergic conditions have shown conflicting results.
A second species, enterobius gregorii, recently has been found to cause the infection in africa, asia, and europe. Pinworm is endemic worldwide and commonly clusters within families. While the cure rate is high, recurrences are common. Gravid adult female enterobius vermicularis deposit eggs on perianal folds. Pinworm infection is the most common intestinal worm infection in the united states. Enterobius vermicularis is the most common helminthic infection in western europe and in the us. Abstract enterobius vermicularis is the most common helminthic infection in the us. Additionally, young pinworms may be resistant to drugs.
Particularly prevalent in the pediatric age group, pinworms also infect adults. What are potential complications of pinworm infection. Egg transmission occurs by the fecaloral route, either directly or indirectly via contaminated hands or objects such as clothes, toys, and bedding. Chen skip to main content we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to. This infection is caused by a small, white intestinal worm called enterobius vermicularis. Enterobius vermicularis, the pinworm or threadworm, occurs worldwide and is the most common helminthic infection in western europe and the usa, although, strictly speaking, it is not a soil transmitted helminth. Prevalence of intestinal helminth infections among chinese schoolchildren in macao city. Dipylidium caninum mimicking recurrent enterobius vermicularis pinworm infection.
Enterobius vermicularis infection causing endometritis and persistent vaginal discharge in three siblings. Although pinworom infection can affect all people, it most. Although pinworom infection can affect all people, it most commonly occurs among children, institutionalized persons, and household members of persons with pinworm infection. Pdf enterobius vermicularis is the most common helminthic infection in western europe and in the us. The medical condition associated with pinworm infestation is known as pinworm infection or less precisely as oxyuriasis in reference to the family oxyuridae. Enterobius vermicularis infection of the appendix as a. Here the author describes a case of an asymptomatic patient with enterobius infection. Although it is found all over the world, it is more common in the temperate regions than in the tropics. A 32yearold woman presented with anal pruritus and bleeding.